Uli,or to higherlevel cognitive processes In certain,we investigated whether or not cortical theta and mu oscillations are modulated by the human likeness with the observed agent. We characterized human likeness in two distinctive ways: with regards to appearance and when it comes to motion. Participants watched videos of 3 agents as their EEG was recorded: Human,Android,and Robot. Human had biological look and movement,Android had biological appearance and TSH-RF Acetate cost mechanical movement,and Robot had mechanical look and mechanical movement (see Figure ,Approaches,and Saygin et al for extra detail).FIGURE Nevertheless frames from the videos made use of within the experiment depicting the 3 actors: Human,Android,and Robot.Frontiers in Neuroroboticswww.frontiersin.orgNovember Volume Write-up Urgen et al.EEG oscillations during action observationWe hypothesized that if mu suppression is influenced by the precise visual properties of your seen action,we could possibly obtain a difference between the actions with the different agents primarily based on their look andor motion characteristics. If on the other hand mu suppression reflects higherlevel processes associated to the meaning of your action,then the agents may well not differ from one another because they all execute the same recognizable actions in spite of their various degrees of human likeness. For theta activity,we hypothesized that its energy could be modulated by the human likeness of the observed agent,reflecting the processing demands of mapping the visual input into existing semantic representations. Given that in the context of action processing,men and women are extra familiar with human actors than robot actors,we hypothesized memory processes would differ depending on the agent’s appearance. Extra especially,we hypothesized that the power in the theta oscillations would decrease as a function from the human likeness on the observed agent,due to the fact observation of comparatively unfamiliar stimuli would result in greater memory processing demands (Hald et al. ZionGolumbic et al. Atienza et al. We thus expected that observation of the Robot would lead to enhanced theta activity compared to the Human,since the humanlike look of your agent would facilitate access to semantic representations related to human action. The Android condition,which features humanlike look but nonhuman motion,furthermore makes it possible for us to ask no matter whether or not the human likeness on the motion is a modulator of memory processes. In sum,the aim of your study was threefold. Initial,by manipulating various options from the observed agent,we aimed to improve our understanding of the functional significance of EEG mu and theta oscillations during action observation and their relation for the MNS. Second,applying robots as experimental stimuli within the presence of current PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24710593 expertise in cognitive neuroscience of action perception,we aimed to inform robotics about how humans respond to robots of varying degrees of human likeness,what dependent measures might be applied as goldstandards for social robotics study,and accordingly for guiding the design and style of robots in the longterm. Lastly,the current study allowed us to perform crossmethodology comparison,as we previously reported an fMRI study utilizing exactly the same agents as stimuli (Saygin et al.suitable and middle pictures,respectively) and by the human “master,” soon after whom Repliee Q was modeled (Figure left image). We refer to these agents because the Robot,the Android (dressed up robot),along with the Human situations (even though the former two are actually the s.
