Tly among all the groups analyzed (Fig. 3B). However, purchase PD168393 Higher frequencies of IFN-c producing CD8+ and DN ab T-cells were seen in TB patients than in HD. The differences observed in the proportions of IFN-c producing cells between TB and HD individuals were probably caused by the patients presenting the non-severe TB, since nsTB patients presented much higher frequencies of IFN-c producing CD8+ and DN ab T-cells than either HD or sTB patients. It is important to mention that in CD8+ cells displayed higher frequencies of IFN-c producing cells compared with CD4+ cells from TB patients. Differences in TNF-a producing cells were only seen in the CD8+ ab T-cell subset. nsTB patients displayed higher frequencies of TNF-a producing CD8+ ab T-cells than HD (Fig. 3C). As observed for IFN-c, the frequencies of TNF-a producing cells were significantly higher in nsTB patients when compared with sTB ones. Higher frequencies of the IL-10 producing CD4+ ab T-cells were found in TB patient compared with HD (Fig. 3D). Differences became even higher when the frequencies of IL-10 producing CD4+ ab T-cells were compared between nsTB andTB patients with severe pathology display decreased proportions of DN cd T-cellsThe proportion of CD4+, CD8+ and DN cd T-cells, gated as described in Fig. 2A, were analyzed and compared among groups. TB patients displayed significantly higher frequencies of CD4+ andRole of CD4-CD8-ab and cd T Cells in TuberculosisRole of CD4-CD8-ab and cd T Cells in TuberculosisFigure 2. Advanced TB patients display decreased proportions of DN cd T-cells. Representative contour plots showing the gate strategy used for the analysis of CD4 (middle left), CD8 (middle center), DN (middle right) cd-T cells and the expression of CD69 (upper panels) and HLA-DR (lower panels) on DN cd -T cells (A). Percentages of CD4+ (left panels), CD8+ (middle panels) and DN (right panels) cd T-cells in healthy donors (HD, open symbols), TB (total TB, black symbols), nsTB (non-severe TB, light gray symbols) and sTB patients (severe TB, dark gray) were measured before treatment (B). The percentage of CD69 (C) and HLA-DR (D) expression within CD4+ (left panels), CD8+ (middle panels) and DN (right panels) cd T-cells in HD, TB, nsTB and sTB patients were analyzed ex vivo. The boxes represent the means. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050923.gHD. Moreover, between the TB groups, nsTB displayed higher proportion of IL-10 producing CD4+ ab T-cells than sTB. The same was observed for the CD8+ ab T-cell subset. nsTB displayed higher proportion of IL-10 producing CD8+ ab T-cells than sTB. And differences in the frequencies of IL-10 producing CD8+ ab Tcells were only between nsTB and HD individuals. Together these findings indicate that both inflammatory and modulatory cytokine production is suppressed in TB patients presenting the more severe purchase 52232-67-4 clinical presentation of the disease.DN cd T-cells from nsTB patients produce inflammatory cytokines whereas sTB produce IL-Higher frequencies of IFN-c producing CD4+, CD8+ and DN cd T-cells were found in TB patients when compared with HD (Fig. 4B). These differences were maintained when the subgroup nsTB patients was compared with HD. Thus, higher proportions of IFN-c producing cells were observed within CD4+, CD8+ and DN cd T-cells. As for IFN-c, differences in TNF-a producing CD4+ cd T-cells were seen between TB patients and HD (Fig. 4C). However, both nsTB and sTB patients displayed similar higher frequencies of TNF-a producing CD4+ cd T-c.Tly among all the groups analyzed (Fig. 3B). However, higher frequencies of IFN-c producing CD8+ and DN ab T-cells were seen in TB patients than in HD. The differences observed in the proportions of IFN-c producing cells between TB and HD individuals were probably caused by the patients presenting the non-severe TB, since nsTB patients presented much higher frequencies of IFN-c producing CD8+ and DN ab T-cells than either HD or sTB patients. It is important to mention that in CD8+ cells displayed higher frequencies of IFN-c producing cells compared with CD4+ cells from TB patients. Differences in TNF-a producing cells were only seen in the CD8+ ab T-cell subset. nsTB patients displayed higher frequencies of TNF-a producing CD8+ ab T-cells than HD (Fig. 3C). As observed for IFN-c, the frequencies of TNF-a producing cells were significantly higher in nsTB patients when compared with sTB ones. Higher frequencies of the IL-10 producing CD4+ ab T-cells were found in TB patient compared with HD (Fig. 3D). Differences became even higher when the frequencies of IL-10 producing CD4+ ab T-cells were compared between nsTB andTB patients with severe pathology display decreased proportions of DN cd T-cellsThe proportion of CD4+, CD8+ and DN cd T-cells, gated as described in Fig. 2A, were analyzed and compared among groups. TB patients displayed significantly higher frequencies of CD4+ andRole of CD4-CD8-ab and cd T Cells in TuberculosisRole of CD4-CD8-ab and cd T Cells in TuberculosisFigure 2. Advanced TB patients display decreased proportions of DN cd T-cells. Representative contour plots showing the gate strategy used for the analysis of CD4 (middle left), CD8 (middle center), DN (middle right) cd-T cells and the expression of CD69 (upper panels) and HLA-DR (lower panels) on DN cd -T cells (A). Percentages of CD4+ (left panels), CD8+ (middle panels) and DN (right panels) cd T-cells in healthy donors (HD, open symbols), TB (total TB, black symbols), nsTB (non-severe TB, light gray symbols) and sTB patients (severe TB, dark gray) were measured before treatment (B). The percentage of CD69 (C) and HLA-DR (D) expression within CD4+ (left panels), CD8+ (middle panels) and DN (right panels) cd T-cells in HD, TB, nsTB and sTB patients were analyzed ex vivo. The boxes represent the means. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050923.gHD. Moreover, between the TB groups, nsTB displayed higher proportion of IL-10 producing CD4+ ab T-cells than sTB. The same was observed for the CD8+ ab T-cell subset. nsTB displayed higher proportion of IL-10 producing CD8+ ab T-cells than sTB. And differences in the frequencies of IL-10 producing CD8+ ab Tcells were only between nsTB and HD individuals. Together these findings indicate that both inflammatory and modulatory cytokine production is suppressed in TB patients presenting the more severe clinical presentation of the disease.DN cd T-cells from nsTB patients produce inflammatory cytokines whereas sTB produce IL-Higher frequencies of IFN-c producing CD4+, CD8+ and DN cd T-cells were found in TB patients when compared with HD (Fig. 4B). These differences were maintained when the subgroup nsTB patients was compared with HD. Thus, higher proportions of IFN-c producing cells were observed within CD4+, CD8+ and DN cd T-cells. As for IFN-c, differences in TNF-a producing CD4+ cd T-cells were seen between TB patients and HD (Fig. 4C). However, both nsTB and sTB patients displayed similar higher frequencies of TNF-a producing CD4+ cd T-c.
